ABSTRACT
This is a case report of a girl aged 4 years who presented with repeated attacks of chocking and dysphagia. She was diagnosed to be having an acquired tracheo- oesophageal fistula caused by fish bone impaction. She was treated successfully. In this report, the literature was reviewed of this rare condition.
Subject(s)
Animals , Barium Sulfate/diagnosis , Bone and Bones , Child, Preschool , Contrast Media/diagnosis , Deglutition Disorders/diagnosis , Endoscopy, Digestive System , Esophagus/pathology , Female , Fishes , Foreign-Body Migration/complications , Humans , Respiratory Tract Infections/diagnosis , Tracheoesophageal Fistula/diagnosisABSTRACT
The study was undertaken to review the incidence and types of associated congenital urogenital anomalies in patients with anorectal malformations (ARM) and compare the results with previously published world literature. Retrospective review was done of 220 cases of ARM, treated during May 2002 to April 2003. All patients routinely underwent ultrasound study of the KUB region and pelvis and lumbosacral radiography. Voiding cystourethrography, nuclear renography and other investigations like buccal smear and karyotyping were done in selected cases only. Genital anomalies were found in 30 cases (13.63%) and urologic anomalies in 25 cases (11.36%), a direct correlation being found between the level of ARM and the incidence of urogenital anomalies. The high incidence of associated anomalies (24.54%) makes careful clinical examination and evaluation of the urinary tract during the neonatal or early infantile period mandatory in all cases of ARM, particularly to avoid deterioration of renal function in future.
Subject(s)
Anal Canal/abnormalities , Child , Child, Preschool , Digestive System Abnormalities/epidemiology , Female , Humans , Incidence , India/epidemiology , Male , Rectum/abnormalitiesABSTRACT
Of all the deformities in leprosy, 80% require minor surgery and the rest major surgery. Upper and lower limbs and face are mainly affected by deformities. Either the median or ulnar nerve and rarely the radial nerve are involved in isolation or in combination. Tendon transfer is the only option available in cases of deformities like simian hand, ulnar claw hand, wrist drop and failure to the metacarpals. The only motor function to be restored in median nerve palsy is opponensplasty. For radial nerve palsy standard FCU transfer, FDS transfer and FCR transfer are the reconstructive methods. For ulnar nerve palsy, an intrinsic minus hand function is restored by the motors PL, ECRL, FDS, EIP or EDM extended by four tail fascia lata graft onto lateral or ulnar bands of fingers. When ulnar nerve is part of much more extensive paralysis, reducing the availability of suitable motors, static mathods of conection of claw hand are done.